Hyponatremia

Hyponatremia occurs when blood sodium levels fall below normal, often due to excessive water intake diluting sodium. It can cause symptoms like nausea, headache, confusion, and in severe cases, seizures or coma. Runners, especially in endurance events, are at risk if they overhydrate without replacing electrolytes. Real-world examples include marathon runners who drink too much water during races. It matters because maintaining electrolyte balance is crucial for muscle function and overall health. To prevent it, runners should consume electrolyte-rich drinks and be mindful of their hydration strategy during long runs or races.